科研動(dòng)態(tài)

為掌握云南省邊境地區(qū)牛群中的阿卡斑病毒（Akabane virus，AKAV）流行情況和分布特征，采用競(jìng)爭(zhēng)ELISA檢測(cè)方法，對(duì)2019—2020年采自云南省邊境地區(qū)10個(gè)縣市的牛群血清樣品進(jìn)行AKAV抗體檢測(cè)與分析。結(jié)果顯示：在采集的4 437份牛血清樣品中，檢出抗體陽(yáng)性樣品1 367份，平均抗體陽(yáng)性率為30.81%；2019年抗體陽(yáng)性率為27.88%，2020年為32.14%，差異不顯著（P＞0.05）；入境?？贵w陽(yáng)性率顯著高于本地牛（P＜0.05）；養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)抗體陽(yáng)性率略高于散養(yǎng)戶和交易市場(chǎng)，但三者間差異不顯著（P＞0.05）；舍飼牛群的抗體陽(yáng)性率顯著高于半放牧半舍飼和系牧飼養(yǎng)（P＜0.05），黃牛的抗體陽(yáng)性率明顯高于水牛（P＜0.05）。結(jié)果表明，云南省邊境地區(qū)存在一定程度的AKAV感染且有加重趨勢(shì)，入境牛感染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較高，需持續(xù)開(kāi)展血清學(xué)調(diào)查和監(jiān)測(cè)，加強(qiáng)境外牛的檢疫和移動(dòng)控制，降低AKAV向內(nèi)地?cái)U(kuò)散的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。本研究摸清了云南省邊境地區(qū)牛群中的AKAV流行本底，為今后該病毒流行控制策略的研究與制定提供了參考。

Serological Investigation on Akabane Virus in Border Areas of Yunnan Provience

In order to investigate the prevalence and distribution of Akabane virus in cattle in border areas of Yunnan Province，the serum samples of cattle were collected from 10 counties/cities in the border areas from 2019 to 2020 for antibody detection by using competitive ELISA. The results showed that 1 367 out of 4 437 samples were positive，with an average positive rate of 30.81%，which tended to increase year by year；the positive rate was significantly higher in imported cattle compared to that in local cattle（P＜0.05）；slightly higher in farms compared to that in free-range households and trading markets with no signifcant difference between them（P＞0.05）；significantly higher in house-fed cattle compared to that in semi-house-fed and grazing ones（P＜0.05），significantly higher in yellow cattle compared to that of buffalo（P＜0.05）. In conclusion，to some extent，the Akabane virus was increasingly spread in the border areas of Yunnan Province，especially in imported cattle，which calls for the conduction of serological investigation and monitoring，strengthen the quarantine and movement control of imported cattle in order to reduce any risk of virus spreading to the mainland. The prevalence situation of the Akabane virus in cattle in the border areas of Yunnan Provience were identified in the paper，which provided a reference for future considerations and development of relevant control strategies.

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