Advances in the Immunological Mechanism of mRNA Vaccine
Messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA)vaccine,as the third generation vaccine,is characterized by high antigen expression efficiency and safety,strong immunogenicity and compiling,simple preparation technology,intensive production and high efficiency against pathogen variation,and has been regarded as a revolutionary vaccine technology in the prevention and control of COVID-19. However,the mRNA vaccine is with poor stability and low transmission efficiency,which is greatly limited in clinical application. Therefore,advanced and tolerable delivery systems should be designed to improve the efficiency of antigen expression and presentation,to optimize the structure of mRNA and thus to prolong and control the duration of expression,provided that safety of the vaccine could be safeguarded. The immunological mechanism of mRNA vaccine was summarized in the paper from the aspects of classification,action mechanism,technical advantages and delivery system of the vaccine,with a view to providing a reference for future development of the vaccine.